Pulmonary Cystic adenomatoid malformation type 2: first case report in Floridablanca, Santander, Colombia

Introduction: Congenital Pulmonary Airway Malformation (CPAM) is a rare fetal lung anomaly resulting from abnormal pulmonary development. It is typically detected during prenatal ultrasounds and classified into five types based on cyst size and histological characteristics. Type 2 CPAM presents as multiple small cysts (<2 cm) and is often associated with a favorable prognosis when hydrops is absent. Discussion: This case involves a 36-year-old pregnant woman whose fetus was diagnosed with type 2 CPAM at 19 weeks. Despite delayed referral, the fetus showed no signs of hydrops or hemodynamic compromise. Corticosteroid therapy with betamethasone was administered at 31 weeks, and follow-up imaging revealed complete regression of the lesion. The low CPAM volume ratio (CVR 0.12) and absence of complications supported conservative management. Conclusion: This case highlights the effectiveness of corticosteroid therapy for type 2 CPAM and underscores the importance of early diagnosis, serial ultrasounds, and specialized perinatal care for optimal fetal outcomes.